Understanding Anemias

1. Introduction to Anemias

Anemia is a common hematological condition characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) or the hemoglobin concentration within these cells, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This condition can lead to tissue hypoxia, with varying clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe, life-threatening symptoms.

• Definition: Anemia is typically defined as a hemoglobin level lower than the normal range, which varies by age, sex, and altitude of residence. For adult men, anemia is usually defined as a hemoglobin level less than 13.5 g/dL, and for adult women, less than 12 g/dL.